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Emmanuel
: Chronology : 1925 - 1949
1800
- 1874 1875 - 1899 1900
- 1924
1925
- 1949 1950
- 1974 1975 - 1990
1925
Nicholas
(Nikos) G. Emmanuel  , my uncle and godfather, son of Gregory
and Irini Emmanuel, is born at Moshi, Tanganyika.
1926
Eleni
Paleologou
(b. 1831),
Grandfather Gregory's mother, passes away on Tenedos at the
age of 95.
1931
Ekaterini
(Ketty) B. Georgiadis, my mother, is born on August 7, to Basil and Elli (nee Manitakis)
Georgiadis, in Hania, Crete.
1933
Grandmother
Irini and her four children leave Tanganyika
and travel
to Greece on a
liner of the Deutsch-Ostafrika Linie, the S.S.Usukuma
.
In Athens, they stay at a
leased house at 163 Kifisias Avenue in Ambelokipi. The boys attend the Athens College.
1936
On
August 4,
Ioannis Metaxas establishes
a military dictatorship in Greece, using plans for mass labour
demonstrations in Athens and Piraeus as a pretext.
1937
Grandfather
Gregory goes to Greece
on
a short visit, traveling by ship from Dar-es-Salaam, via Port Said
and Alexandria, Egypt.
1939
Constantine,
Nicholas and Dimitri G. Emmanuel are compulsory members of the dictator Metaxa's
National Youth Organization (EON) .
1940
Anthi
Emmanuel (b. 1854), Grandfather Gregory's sister, passes away. On
August 15 the Italians sink the Hellenic Navy cruiser Elli ,
just off the island of Tinos. War
is officially declared
on October 28 (Okhi day), when the
Italian army attacks Greece .
The Greek Army counterattacks
and
pushes the
invaders back through Albania. Grandfather Basil D. Georgiadis ,
the father of Ekaterini (Ketty) C. Emmanuel (nee Georgiadis), serves as a surgeon
with a front line medical unit in Albania. Grandmother
Irini and her children remain in
Athens throughout the war
,
until 1945, surviving both the occupation and the first phase of the
civil war.
1941
The
German army (Wehrmacht) invades Greece
and
enters Athens on April 27. On May 20 the Wehrmacht attacks Crete
(Operation Merkur). The first Greek resistance groups spring up shortly
after the German occupation of Greece. Greeks
endure a bitter winter with record cold and famine (300,000 Greeks die of
starvation in the greater Athens), and suffer brutal reprisals
following
actions by
the resistance against the occupying Italian
and German forces. The Emmanuel boys continue attending school
whenever possible (the Benakio building of the Athens College has been converted to a
German military hospital).
1942
A camp housing Greek wartime refugees operates at Makindu,
near Kibwezi, Kenya .
1944
Greece
is liberated from the Germans in September. In December, Costas
G. Emmanuel works as a clerk in charge of supplies for the civilian
population at the No.1 Supply Depot, in Piraeus ,
just as the first battles of the Greek civil war flare up.
1945
In
January, Costas
works as a civilian interpreter
for the Special Investigation Branch of
the British Military Police
in Athens. Before
the 2nd phase of the civil war
starts, Grandmother
Irini and her sons manage to leave Greece and return to Tanganyika
. The
salary of a manamba (farm laborer) is 50 Tanganyika cents per day, plus
1 lb. of maize flour, 6 oz. of beans, salt, and a small amount of
karanga (peanuts or groundnuts) or cottonseed oil, and some fruit.
1946
Anna
Emmanuel (b. 1861), Grandfather's Gregory's sister, passes away. Tanganyika
becomes a United Nations trust territory under British control. Eleni
(nee Emmanuel) and Panagis Lekanidis, and their children Minas and
Irini (Rena), leave Greece and go to Tanganyika, following the same
route as that taken by Grandmother Irini and her sons in 1945.
1947
Marigo
Emmanuel (b. 1869), Grandfather's Gregory's sister, passes away. On
November 1, Ketty B.
Georgiadis
and her father Basil arrive in Mombasa, Kenya.
1800
- 1874 1875 - 1899 1900
- 1924
1925
- 1949 1950
- 1974 1975 - 1990
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